Nijdar S. Khalid is an economics writer and researcher and a doctoral student in Economics at the Institute of Economics, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg. He completed his master’s and bachelor’s degrees in Economics at Duhok University, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. He was formerly a scientific assistant in the Center for Iraq Studies at Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany; Assistant Lecturer at the College of Administration and Economics, Duhok University in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, where he taught public finance and principles of economics; and before that an organizer and observer at the Independent High Electoral Commission in Iraq-Duhok. Mr. Khalid is a member and researcher at the Mesopotamia Foundation for Entrepreneurship and Development in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and a follower of the Ibn Khaldun Initiative for Free Thoughts. His writings (in Kurdish, Arabic, and English) mainly focus on the free-market system, institutional economics, the private sector, and economic development.