Labour Policy

— Feb 15, 2024
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Comparing Employment Income in Toronto and Selected American Metropolitan Areas

Comparing Employment Income in Toronto and Selected American Metropolitan Areas is a new study that compares median employment income in Toronto and US metropolitan areas, and finds that the annual gap in employment income between Toronto and the lowest ranking large US metropolitan area, Miami, was $2,030 in 2019, while the difference between Toronto and the highest-ranking US metro, San Francisco, was $32,765.

— Oct 19, 2023
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Analysis of Changes in Median Employment Income in Large Canadian and American Metropolitan Areas

Analysis of Changes in Median Employment Income in Large Canadian and American Metropolitan Areas, 2010-2019 is a new study that ranks employment income growth in the largest 141 metropolitan areas in Canada and the United States from 2010 to 2019, finding that only three Canadian cities rank in the top half, with Toronto—Canada’s largest metropolitan area—ranking 102nd.

— Oct 17, 2023
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Comparing Median Employment Incomes in Atlantic Canada and New England Metropolitan Areas measures median employment income in 20 metropolitan areas in Atlantic Canada and New England (from 2010-2019), finding that most major urban areas in Atlantic Canada underperformed compared to the neighbouring region.

— Sep 21, 2023
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Enhancing the Labour Market Outcomes of Immigrants to Canada

Enhancing the Labour Market Outcomes of Immigrants to Canada finds that while the federal government has made progress, it should enact more reforms to improve the economic performance of permanent immigrant workers.

— Sep 1, 2023
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Public and Private Sector Job Growth in the Provinces during the COVID-19 Era finds that from February 2020 to June 2023, in all ten provinces, the rate of job growth was faster in the government sector (including federal, provincial and municipal) than in the private sector (including the self-employed). Nationally, the number of government-sector jobs increased 11.8 per cent over that time period, while the number of private sector jobs increased only 3.3 per cent.

— Aug 24, 2023
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Comparing Median Employment Income in Large Canadian and American Metropolitan Areas

Comparing Median Employment Income in Large Canadian and American Metropolitan Areas compares median employment income—wages, salaries and commissions from paid and self-employment income (net) before taxes and government transfers—in the 141 largest metropolitan areas in Canada and the United States, finding that of the 14 Canadian CMAs included in the study, only two rank in the top half, ultimately lagging far behind their American counterparts.

— Jun 13, 2023
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Analysis of Changes in Median Employment Income in Canada’s Census Metropolitan Areas, 2008–2019

Analysis of Changes in Median Employment Income in Canada’s Census Metropolitan Areas, 2008-2019 is a new study that ranks Canada's 41 major cities by their rate of growth in median employment income, using data from 2008 to 2019. The median employment income growth, in inflation adjusted dollars, for all of Canada was 5.4 percent.

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