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Basic needs poverty lines are intended to measure the number and proportion of Canadians who cannot afford the basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, shelter, and other household essentials. Since 1992, this measure has been an important alternative to prevailing relative poverty lines like Statistics Canada's Low Income Cutoff (LICO) that considers how well off some Canadians are relative to others. This Fraser Alert uses the most recent data available (2004) to update the basic needs poverty lines and estimates poverty in Canada. the findings are encouraging: poverty in Canada, including child poverty, has fallen dramatically since 1951 and, notably, has continued to decline recently after leveling off during the 1980s and early 1990s.

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The Report Card on Quebec's Secondary Schools: 2006 Edition (hereafter, Report Card) collects a variety of relevant, objective indicators of school performance into one, easily accessible public document so that anyone can analyze and compare the performance of individual schools. By doing so, the Report Card assists parents when they choose a school for their children and encourages and assists all those seeking to improve their schools.

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The Fraser Institute's sixteenth annual waiting list survey found that Canada-wide waiting times for surgical and other therapeutic treatments increased slightly in 2006. Total waiting time between referral from a general practitioner and treatment, averaged across all 12 specialties and 10 provinces surveyed, increased from 17.7 weeks in 2005 to 17.8 weeks in 2006.

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The Canadian-US oil and gas sector has become deeply integrated over the last two decades. This is a success story in which competitive market forces by and large have displaced various attempts at government intervention on both sides of the border. Deregulation here does not mean the end or absence of regulation but rather regulatory measures that are geared to optimize free-market exchanges. Without much formal governance, Canada and the United States enjoy the world’s most integrated and efficient energy border. In fact, the border is usually invisible as trade in oil, gas (and also electricity) flows in a patchwork of densely interconnected regions.

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The first section of this publication provides an overview of cash transfers from Ottawa to the provinces along with an analysis of the level of provincial dependence on federal cash transfers. The second section outlines the need for rebalancing within the federation based on greater accountability. The final section gives the recommendations for reform.

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Sala-i-Martin's summary assesses world poverty and income inequality using a new measurement tool that estimates the distribution of income among individuals in 138 countries between 1970 and 2000. After reviewing past research on poverty and inequality, the study presents the World Distribution of Income (WDI) in order to analyze global trends in poverty and inequality. The results show that despite the growing income gap between rich and poor countries, world poverty and income inequality fell markedly between 1970 and 2000.

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This study is the first effort by The Fraser Institute to measure and compare the performance of auto insurance markets across international jurisdictions.