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Prime Ministers and Government Spending

Prime Ministers and Government Spending: A Retrospective finds that this year, federal per person program spending under Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has nearly eclipsed the all-time high recorded during the 2009 recession. But unlike most marked increases in program spending over Canada's 150-year history, this year's historically high level of spending comes in the absence of a recession or war.

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Poor Implementation Undermines Carbon Tax Efficiency in Canada

Poor Implementation Undermines Carbon Tax Efficiency in Canada finds that the theoretical benefits of carbon taxes and cap-and-trade schemes—that they can lower emissions and improve the economy at the same time—are negated by poor implementation such as layering these schemes on top of, instead of replacing existing regulations.

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New Homes and Red Tape in British Columbia 2017

New Homes and Red Tape in British Columbia: Residential Land-Use Regulation in the Lower Mainland finds that The City of Vancouver is the most heavily regulated municipality in the Lower Mainland for residential development and is stifling new homebuilding. The survey of homebuilders ranks 19 of the region’s municipalities when it comes to residential development regulations.

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Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017

Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Use and Public Attitudes, 1997, 2006, and 2016 finds that more than three-quarters of Canadians—79 per cent—have used at least one complementary or alternative medicine or therapy sometime in their lives, and Canadians are using those services more often, averaging 11.1 visits in 2016, compared to fewer than nine visits a year in both 2006 and 1997, when two previous similar surveys were conducted.

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Canada's Air Quality Since 1970: An Environmental Success Story

Canada's Air Quality Since 1970: An Environmental Success Story finds that levels of four major air pollutants—ground-level ozone, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide—have all fallen substantially since the 1970s despite significant population and economic growth and increased energy usage over the same time.

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Understanding Wealth Inequality in Canada

Understanding Wealth Inequality in Canada finds that up to 87 per cent of wealth inequality in Canada is a result of differences in peoples’ age, which is linked with someone’s ability to save (building up wealth) or the need to borrow. And the gap between the most well-off, in terms of wealth, and the least well-off has actually declined 17 per cent over the past 40 years.

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History and Development of Canada's Personal Income Tax

The History and Development of Canada’s Personal Income Tax: Zero to 50 in 100 years finds that the tax, which began as a small wartime revenue generator, has morphed into a costly, complex behemoth that’s difficult to administer and makes Canada uncompetitive. In fact, when compared to U.S. states, Canadian provinces have seven of the eight highest top combined rates, with Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, P.E.I. and Manitoba all over 50 per cent.