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Capital Investment in Canada’s Provinces: A Provincial Report

Capital Investment in Canada's Provinces: A Provincial Report measures growth in investment at the provincial level from 1990 to 2014 and from 2014 to 2018, the most recent year of comparable data. It finds that many of the provinces that historically enjoyed strong levels of investment—such as Alberta and Saskatchewan—have seen investment stall as a result of low oil prices. While British Columbia and Ontario remain strong performers, largely as a result of strong housing and finance sectors, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island have consistently lagged the national average over the 30-year period. Newfoundland and Labrador has enjoyed some of the highest investment growth in the country because of large hydroelectric projects currently underway in the province.

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Changes in the Affordability of Housing in Canadian and American Cities, 2006–2016 is a new study that measures changes in housing affordability—shelter costs as a share of income—over a 10-year period in 396 cities in Canada and the United States. Crucially, while affordability increased by an average of 10.5 per cent for the 344 American metropolitan areas included in the analysis, housing affordability actually decreased by 7.6 per cent, on average, in the 52 Canadian metropolitan areas over the same 10-year period. Put differently, while the majority of U.S. cities included in the analysis simultaneously experienced population and income growth and increasing housing affordability, Canada’s largest cities—while experiencing similar population and income growth—became less affordable to live in.

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Stimulating Economic Growth through Abundant Energy

Stimulating Economic Growth Through Abundant Energy finds that access to affordable, abundant energy promotes economic growth and could help Canada recover from the COVID recession. In particular, a ten per cent increase in energy use is associated with a 1.16 per cent increase in GDP. Critically, Canada’s economic growth over the past decade was already weaker than several other developed countries including the United States, Germany, Japan, and the whole G7 group of economies, on average.

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Distribution of CERB: Estimating the Number of Eligible Young People Living with Parents

Distribution of CERB: Estimating the Number of Young People Eligible and Living with Parents finds that young people living at home with their parents in households with at least $100,000 of income are eligible for as much as $11.8 billion in Canadian Emergency Relief Benefit (CERB) payments. Crucially, many of these young, dependent Canadians could actually see a significant increase in their monthly income by receiving CERB payments.

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The Revenue Effects of Rescinding Ontario's Tax Rate Hike on High-Income Earners

The Revenue Effects of Rescinding Ontario’s Tax Rate Hike on High-income Earners finds that lowering the province’s top personal income tax rate from the current 20.53 per cent back to 17.41 per cent—where it was prior to a so-called “temporary” rate hike in 2012—would only cost the government $26 million in the first year in foregone tax revenues, thanks to increased economic activity. And lowering the province’s top personal income tax rate would significantly increase Ontario’s attractiveness for investment, entrepreneurs and high-skilled workers.

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Biologics and Biosimilars: A Primer

Biologics and Biosimilars: A Primer finds that Canadian patient access to potentially life-saving biologic medicines is comparatively limited because Canada’s protection of intellectual property in the life sciences—including biology and biochemistry—lags behind other industrialized countries.

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Canada’s Rising Personal Tax Rates and Falling Tax Competitiveness, 2020

Canada’s Rising Personal Tax Rates and Falling Tax Competitiveness, 2020 finds that workers in Canada—across all income levels—pay higher personal income tax rates than workers in the United States, which can deter professionals, entrepreneurs and businessowners from working and investing in Canada.