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Managing the Risks of Hydraulic Fracturing

Managing the Risks of Hydraulic Fracturing: An Update examines the environmental risks related to hydraulic fracturing (or ‘fracking’), the practice of injecting sand, water, and a relatively small quantity of chemicals  deep underground at high pressures to extract fossil fuels.  The study looks beyond the often-cited claims of anti-fracking activists and spotlights the latest government and academic research about the actual effects of fracking.

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scale of taxes and increases

Alberta’s Personal Income Tax Increases Likely to Yield Less Revenue than Expected, forecasts how much revenue the Alberta government will likely generate from its personal tax rate increases announced earlier this year. It finds that tax rate increases encourage people to change their behaviour to avoid paying additional taxes, yielding less revenue than expected by governments. In Alberta’s case, the study calculates that the government will likely receive $1.7 billion less than expected from 2016 to 2020.

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Residential Land-Use Regulation in Ontario’s Greater Golden Horseshoe

Amid increasing concerns about housing affordability in Southern Ontario, New Homes and Red Tape: Residential Land-Use Regulation in Ontario’s Greater Golden Horseshoe is the Fraser Institute’s first ever survey of Ontario homebuilders. It compares and ranks jurisdictions across the Greater Golden Horseshoe on several categories of red tape (construction approval times, timeline uncertainty, regulatory costs and fees, rezoning prevalence and the effect council and community groups have on development) based on the experiences and opinions of industry professionals. The survey — which is part of a broader effort to understand the effects of land-use regulation on Canadian housing supply — finds that Oakville, Oshawa and Toronto are among the most regulated municipalities in the Greater Golden Horseshoe and consequently among the most difficult in which to build new housing.

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Alberta's Budget Deficit: Why Spending Is to Blame

Alberta’s Budget Deficit: Why Spending Is To Blame concludes that, had the Alberta government limited program spending increases since 2004/05 to keep pace with inflation and a growing population, the province would have a budget surplus of $4.4 billion instead of the projected $5.9 billion deficit—a difference of $10.3 billion.

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Where Our Students are Educated: Measuring Student Enrolment in Canada

Where Our Students are Educated: Measuring student enrolment in Canada, compares and contrasts the changes in public and private school enrolment, by province, between 2000/01 to 2012/13.  It finds that, against the backdrop of declining student populations, private school enrolment across Canada is up by almost 17 per cent while public school enrolment  has decreased eight per cent.

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Ontario—No Longer a Place to Prosper spotlights Ontario’s decline from economic powerhouse to economic laggard. It chronicles successive Ontario government policies that have led to the province’s poor economic performance. It finds that Ontario’s economic growth, employment and per-capita income has lagged behind national averages making Canada’s most populous province less competitive, less prosperous and less attractive for both workers and business investment.

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Mining and Aboriginal Rights in Yukon

Mining and Aboriginal Rights in Yukon: How Certainty Affects Investor Confidence finds that the legal certainty established by modern land claim agreements in Yukon — once seen as an advantage in attracting new investment — is now being undermined by Canadian courts. Specifically, the courts have forced unforeseen obligations upon governments and third-parties, beyond the requirements already spelled out in modern treaties, thus leading to a decline in investor confidence. The study warns that Yukon’s experience could be a harbinger of uncertainty right across the country and particularly British Columbia.